Tag: Nature

6 Reasons I Spend Time In Nature

I spend the majority of my free time outdoors: birding, writing, taking pictures, recording, watching and, occasionally, ambling absent any particular aim. For me, the wilds that lie beyond my front door are a second home. On in which I can be myself, think, muse and hide away from the tedium of modern life. From social media, work, deadlines, noise, concrete and the judgmental eyes of others.  The outside world provides respite, plain and simple, though I do, at times, wonder just why – beyond wildlife and my choice of career – I spend so much time caked in mud and surrounded by leaves. With the results of said pondering shown below…

Creativity

As a writer, time outside is vital to my creativity. It inspires, greatly, on so many levels that the virtues of such cannot easily be put to word. New behaviors witnessed and new locations explored providing sensory experiences to warbler about and the colours, sights and sounds of nature providing ample ammunition for my work. With such things providing the basis for further reading and exploration and thus the discovery of facts that broaden both my horizons and knowledge. Something which, in turn, often leads to the discovery of new ideas: from new means by which to watch wildlife, to new places requiring exploration. With nature, ultimately, increasing both my focus and motivation levels beyond that of anything else.

Relief

Some people head for the spa when tensed or stressed, while others simply shut themselves off and engross themselves in a good book or movie. I head for the wilds: to my local woodland – Half-Penny – or to the beach. For me, nothing helps you wind down and forget the woes of daily life quite like a walk in nature. Where the menial problems of life find themselves eclipsed by life and death dramas far greater than our own. The outdoors are therapeutic, almost medicinal, and have a habit of generating that “feel good feeling” that so many of us crave when tensions build and everything seems that little bit too much.

The stress relieving qualities of nature have also been scientifically proven, with those spending time outdoors boasting a lower level of cortisol – the hormone used as an indicator of stress. It really is rather good for you.

Concentration

Everyone is surely familiar with the regular lapses in concentration that coincide with life indoors – when your attention to detail wavers as a result of monotony and boredom. For me, regular forays into the outdoors help rectify this. The intricate nature of our wild spaces – comprised of so many facets it beggars belief – almost always warranting closer investigation, and thus encouraging no end of scrutiny. Training the eyes and mind, so to speak, to peer past the obvious and into the finer aspects of what lies before you. A trait which, proceeding time outside, carries over into daily life. Of real benefit while proof reading, writing, reviewing or any other task requiring a critical eye. With time spent away during such excursions also providing a break from the norm and a change of scenery, making unsavory tasks just a little more bearable when you are forced to face them once more.

Health

Time outside is good for you on a cellular level, we all know this – it helps you stay in shape. Though, for me, the main health benefits of a life in nature center more on the mind. With this point linking in more with the second yet deserving of a place of its own.

Anxiety and depression have a habit of creeping up on you – when things out of your control occur and leave you feeling thoroughly downtrodden. These things are, at times, inevitable. Though the blow can be softened somewhat by nature – which has a habit of putting things into perspective. The hardships faced by our wildlife, humbling and the beauty of the natural world, wholly uplifting. The outdoors provide a place to think in quiet solitude – where one can dwell, cry and vent away from prying eyes – and deliver on the quaint nothingness than so many of us crave. Simply put, nature keeps me sane, and has a knack for greatly increasing my sense of optimism when faced with troubling scenarios.

Belonging

I suspect this is a trait shared with many who enjoy the outdoors, but nowhere do I feel more at home than when out and about in nature. Perhaps this is the suppressed hippy in me talking but I truly feel myself outside. Something which manifests itself in my choice of career, education, hobbies and later, may influence my choice of home. The troubles facing the natural world – besieged on all sides by the fruits of human ignorance – solidifying my resolve and motivating. To such an extent that I feel I must dedicate my time to protecting the places I hold so dear. And, ultimately, gifting me with the quiet satisfaction that in doing so, in standing up for nature, I am part of something far greater.

Happiness

Now, this is the main reason I venture outside, and I suspect it will be for the majority of people who do the same. Outside, I feel happy. I enjoy what I do and gain great pleasure from observing the daily lives of the creatures with whom we share our world. It can be exciting – often overwhelmingly so – as you ogle life and death battles for territory, food or a mate. Nature is thrilling – more so than any TV soap or documentary. While also educational, for those, like me who like to learn, and seldom repetitive. Each day providing something alien and new. With smiles appearing frequently and the warm feeling generated when witnessing something altogether magical, as is often the case in nature, lasting for some time afterwards.

Common Blue – James Common

10 Words of Advice to Aspiring Conservationists (Part 2)

Last week I posted with regards to aspiring conservationists, offering some advice towards those seeking a career in the environmental sector. Part one proved somewhat popular and can be found HERE for those interested. And, following on from this, this post will cover the remaining points not included within last week. For those who have commented that my last post was rather aggressive, I stress, again, that these are my own views and are not intended to insult nor offend anyone. And any gags are intended firmly tounge in cheek.

Read

This links in rather well to a few points mentioned in part one but deserves a place of its own nonetheless. Flicking through the Powerpoint slides from a recent lecture or halfheartedly scouring a scientific paper to help with a troublesome assignment is not near enough to provision you with the knowledge necessary to advance in conservation.

Reading is a key skill, and whether you favour journals, field guides, conference proceedings or indeed, creative nature writing, it is a great way to broaden your horizons. Through time spent engrossed in the pages of a book you can find motivation, inspiration and even learn a thing or two (who would have thought eh?). You also show an interest outside of what you have been instructed, under duress, to do. Thus making yourself look “passionate” and rather knowledgeable. The lack of aspiring who read, outside of lessons, is scary. And while the internet is fast becoming the go-to resource for all things ecological, you still cannot beat a good book for enlightenment.

Abandon The Monochrome Mindset

From an early age nature lovers are actively encouraged to think in black and white. To view select groups of people, whether they be poachers, gamekeepers, developers or farmers, as the metaphorical bad guys. Those people who, through their own “selfish” actions, work to the detriment of our wildlife. On occasion.

Many progress to university and beyond still boasting this mindset. And while we do, from time to time, have to do battle with the aforementioned “bad guys”, it sometimes pays to be compassionate, or at least understanding, as to the plight and requirements of others. In many cases, very little is achieved through antagonising people you view as the enemy, and more often that not, you will have to compromise and work towards a solution that benefits both man and beast. The ability to engage with and talk to those of an opposing view is an essential skill in conservation, particularly when trying to persuade someone to stop a particular action. And reasoned debate has a habit of bearing fruit where counterproductive slanging matches do not. By all means, stand by your guns, but please be willing to engage productively with those of contrasting mindsets. We conservationists are a minority in modern society after all and cannot fight on all fronts.

Anyways, most of us will, at one stage or another, find ourselves working alongside these people from time to time, thus it pays to be civil.

Think Critically

Critical thought is one of those things every self-respecting lecturer, professor and teacher drums into their students from an early age. It is an important skill in most jobs, and about as vital as they come in the environmental field. The ability to not take research, press releases or other forms of information at face value, and to question, internally, every from the findings of scientific reports and survey methodologies to legislative decisions. People are often disingenuous, even in conservation, and even the best of us are prone to telling the odd porky to achieve our individual goals or back up an opinion. It pays to be cautious.

No matter what you are reading, or who you are talking to, approach the issue absent bias – listen to what is said and think about how you could do it better. Question the motivations of said people, ask questions and critique. The only way to improve on existing knowledge is to identify flaws and work to rectify them. Do you know of a better way to gain data on a certain topic? Work on it, accepting the status quo in conservation is a sure fire way to achieve nothing. And sometimes it pays to take a risk, think big and challenge the big wigs in your particular field. But please, bare in mind the fine line between critical interest and being a pain. No one likes a know-it-all.

Conservation Is Not Rosy

If you think a career in conservation consists of little more than frolicking blissfully in the woods or hugging fluffy animals, then the chances are, it is not for you. Many, many people seem to lump conservationists and animal rights activists, but while ethics are, of course, rather important, conservation often involves a great deal of seemingly brutal acts. Acts which, while distasteful, ultimately work to the betterment of the natural world. We shoot species to protect others, trap invasive species, orchestrate exterminations and much more. This may disillusion some, but in our current turbulent times, killing is part of conservation. Whether we like it or not. And whether you are working abroad, trapping rats on a far-flung island or exterminating Cane Toads, or at home, shooting Grey Squirrels or deer, it pays to think objectively at all times. And not to throw a tantrum when asked to do something that goes against your better nature – most of the time at least, it really is for the greater good.

Also (and I have, believe it or not, encountered this) if you are afraid to get wet, dirty or otherwise, the chances are, a job in the field is not for you. There is a reason most successful conservationists spend 99% of their time looking dreadful…

Have Fun

Despite the at times grievous, soul-crushing lows, conservation is one of the most enjoyable, heartwarming, amazing careers around. It is fun, plain and simple. And one of only a select few jobs where you can say, without a doubt, that you have contributed to an important cause. It is a career of soaring highs – as you watch creatures thrive as a result of our dedicated work – and resounding successes. As we stamp out the evils that imperil the creatures we hold dear. It is educational, each and every day providing something new and exciting: uplifting, rewarding and fabulous. You will see amazing things, witness spectacles few others could possibly dream of and reap the rewards of a life in the outdoors. It is well worth the effort, once you get past the frustration, anger and perpetual bouts of hopelessness. I really would advise everyone interested to commit.

Look what we’re fighting for…

An Introduction to the Youth Nature Movement – Ben Eagle

There is something notable happening in conservation. For years, conservationists have bemoaned the perceived lack of interest that younger people take in the natural world. They point to nature deficit disorder as a distinct consequence of a generation of children lacking outdoor experiences. The internet is cast as a negative force, with children spending upwards of 20 hours a week online, mostly scrolling through social media sites. 30% of 2-15 year olds are overweight or obese and, according to a 2008 National Trust survey (going back a few years here), only 2/3 of children could identify a magpie and half did not know the difference between a bee and a wasp.

However, there is another side to this story.

Every August at Rutland Water the biggest conservation event in the UK takes place – the BirdFair. In the last few years people have begun to take notice of a growing number of young people who have been attending, not just with their parents or grandparents, but often of their own volition.

Image: Young People at BirdFair (courtesy of A Focus On Nature) © Beth Aucott

Who are these young people ?

They come from all corners of the UK and have a wide range of different backgrounds, interests and training. Their strength comes in their diversity and their inclusivity. Through informal engagement, mostly outside of the ‘conventional’ and traditional nature conservation organisations, they have built their own organisations that fit their particular ways and means of connecting with each other. These include A Focus On Nature, Next Generation Birders and the youngest of the youth-led organisations, Wilder. Together, they form part of a cohesive youth nature movement. They are growing more organised and experienced as time goes on, and many of the traditional nature conservation organisations have taken note of their work.

A Focus On Nature, affectionately referred to as AFON, is the largest and most developed of the youth organisations. It is a network of young people, aged 16-30 (but realistically there are members younger than this) who share a passion for the natural world and want to connect with each other and talk about their interest. Their facebook group has been growing steadily and they organise regular events. Of particular note is AFON’s mentoring scheme, which gives the opportunity for members to connect with professionals working in all sorts of fields, from practical conservation to writing, film making, academia and campaigning. You can follow them on twitter @AFONature. If you fancy joining the network, get in touch with them at afonmembers@hotmail.com . They have members from all sorts of backgrounds, and you don’t need to have an ecology degree to join!

Next Generation Birders, whilst it may smaller than AFON and more specific, in that it is just for birders, has also had a huge impact. By bringing young birders together they can share their enthusiasm and knowledge, build experiences together and boost each other’s confidence. Often, birding or wildlife is not seen as a positive thing to be involved in at school and many young people interested in conservation suffer from bullying. Organisations such as NGB and AFON provide a safe space for them to do what they love and socialise with like-minded people, reducing their isolation.

Finally, there is Wilder, an exciting new organisation being spearheaded by James Common and others. It is a grassroots activism group, which works to support conservation efforts and argue a case for protecting wildlife legislation in the UK. In the long run, they want to run campaigns and form regional groups that bring local people together to combat localised issues.

How did they come together?

The answer to this has a lot to do with the very thing that many older conservationists had been vilifying – the internet. The wonders of the world-wide-web are certainly a factor in keeping many young people indoors, but the internet (specifically social media) has also brought together those interested in nature. Through posting online they are able to keep in contact with each other and the distance that is sometimes apparent between the traditional nature conservation organisations and their members completely disappears. After all, messaging is instantaneous. Social media seems to have formed a core part of the identity of the youth nature movement, in a way that it is seemingly more superfluous for the traditional conservation bodies.

Of course, the members of the youth nature movement still get involved with the ‘traditional’ organisations. They are members, volunteers and attend events along with the ‘older generations’. However, they seem most comfortable with these grass roots, more informal organisations, learning about the natural world and inspiring each other to do amazing things.

How did I get involved?

I have always had an interest in the natural world and the ‘great outdoors’ but it wasn’t until I got to university that I really started actively getting involved in nature conservation, volunteering for conservation organisations and thinking deeply about the natural world. This led to me starting my blog, thinkingcountry, in 2013, in which I started to explore a whole host of issues connecting farming (my family background) and conservation.

I can’t really remember how I was introduced to Lucy McRobert, AFON’s founder and former Creative Director, but we shared a common degree history (both environmental historians) and she was keen on getting more people involved. In September 2014 I went along to AFON’s first major conference, held in Cambridge, which aimed to spearhead a ‘Vision for Nature’. Incidentally, we went on to publish the Vision for Nature report in July of this year. The enthusiasm at that conference really spurred me on to want to get involved. Here was a young organisation that had bags of energy and made up of dozens of inspiring young people, all eager to work together for a better world. I was hooked and tried to get involved as much as possible. In January of this year I joined the committee and it is a real privilege to be at the centre of such an exciting movement.

What’s the future for the Youth Nature Movement?

The movement still looks like it is growing and more and more young people are jumping on board and getting involved. As James pointed out in a recent post, conservation has become quite fashionable, and this is certainly helping to drive the youth movement. However, it goes beyond this. I believe that the real success of bringing these people together has been to remove isolation and to exponentially advance the inspiration levels and determination of these people to get stuck in and find a way that they can make a difference, in their own way. It is about giving them confidence.

The movement seems to be growing, with new organisations, such as Wilder, making their own mark. Things could move in several different directions although I think it is most likely that it will become several things:

  • Firstly, it will continue to bring young people together through a growing network.
  • Secondly, it will be more political and provide a collective voice for young people who are concerned about the natural world.
  • Thirdly, it will become more organised and localised, with young people in the same regions regularly meeting and carrying out work together.

It is an exciting time to be a conservationist for many reasons. However, it is also a famously depressing sector to be in, with the general narrative being one of loss and destruction. The youth nature movement adds a determined optimism to conservation and this will continue as it develops. It is outward looking, inclusive and forward thinking. Yes, there are things that could be improved on, for example, a particular effort is happening right now with regards to improving diversity. However, the general momentum is positive and engaging and we all look forward to taking the movement onwards towards a brighter future.

Ben Eagle is an environmental and agricultural writer based in the South West. He sits on the committee of A Focus On Nature, the UK’s largest youth nature network, and edits their seasonal newsletter. To read more of his work visit his website www.thinkingcountry.com or follow him on twitter @benjy_eagle.

The Heralds Of Winter

When my mind wanders, I struggle to think of a bird that raises a clamour among those of an avian inclination half as much as the Waxwing. A species which, to me, embodies everything endearing about British wildlife: confiding, colourful, charismatic and a joy to behold, whatever the weather. Living on the East coast – often the best place to encounter Waxwings, should they arrive – these birds are the true heralds of Winter. And following last week’s fleeting encounter, a few days past I was lucky enough to find a flock of my own. Enjoy the visitors in welcome solitude as they fed for half an hour in the grounds of my local pub.

Setting out after first light, the jaded sun of the transitional period between Autumn and Winter ascending, I had expected to find a few Waxwings. They are, after all, rather numerous this year: with flocks numbering well into the hundreds prevalent right up the coast, and smaller parties cropping up in almost every county in Britain. I was not, however, expecting to find one such large flock mere five minutes from my front door. But I did, with over 140 Waxwings unearthed in the grounds of the Bank Top pub, in Bedlington. The birds showed marvellously in the breeze, punk-rock crests blown into a whole manner of comical shapes as they scoffed the few remaining Whitebeam berries still clinging to the denuded trees. The flock occasionally rising, calling and returning once again, as dog-walkers passed, oblivious, under their perch. It was all rather lovely.

Spurred on by the seasonal spectacle unfolding on the edge of my local patch – where urban sprawl meets Country Park. I soon opted for a walk around the estuary, where two more Waxwings fed amid a tangle of Spindle in the company of a few Redwing and a lone Mistle Thrush – yet more winter visitors to the patch. Birds which, alongside the numerous Blackbirds exploding from every thicket, made for a most enjoyable half-hour amid the thorns. The real treat, however, came on the estuary itself where yet more Winter visitors fed on mud left exposed in the wake of the retreating tide.

Here some 120 Dunlin fed, dainty feet working flat out as they swept the flats in an unruly rabble of pale feathers. Redshank were numerous, with at least 100 observed, while other familiar characters had likewise arrived in force: Curlew, Oystercatcher, Ringed Plover Turnstone and, better still, a dozen Black-Tailed Godwits. A species that I seldom recall seeing during my childhood here, that now appears to have replaced the dwindling number of Bar-tailed Godwits on the Blyth. I wonder why? Topping off the leggy smorgasbord, 50 Lapwings soon dropped in, metallic calls resounding over sludge; quickly followed by 300 or so Golden Plover. A quick scan of the flock as they descended revealed a single Grey Plover huddled amid their ranks. Surprisingly inconspicuous, despite the colour difference.

Elsewhere on the Blyth duck numbers remained low – last weeks Wigeon having departed and still no Goldeneye or Gadwall back from their travels. Sixty Teal, two-dozen Mallard and a dapper drake Red-Breasted Merganser the best I could muster. There is still time yet. The blow softened somewhat by the presence of a somewhat out of place Little Grebe in the harbour, a Little Egret and three Grey Wagtails looking far from grey in the growing light. The journey home revealed a Dipper, a little upstream, delving in and out of the river where it narrows and the saline waters of the estuary blend with the fresher outflow of the River Blyth.

Checking back in at the pub, the Whitebeams stood bare: of both berries and Waxwings. The earlier assemblage gone and two peeved birders the only indicator as to their former presence. It mattered not.

10 Words of Advice to Aspiring Conservationists (Part 1)

With the world and its wildlife in an altogether precarious state at present, never before has there been a greater need for people to protect it. The enduring decline of biodiversity and the prophesied collapse of our natural environment, mercifully, coming at a time when a career in conservation appears rather fashionable. Now, more people than ever are jumping through the hoops of education with the ultimate aim of working in the environmental field. A trend which should be celebrated by all.

That said, for every successful young conservationist, many more find themselves floundering in the dreaded post-university abyss. Frustrated, and unable to progress in the direction they so desire. This itself really is not all that bad – we have, after all, all been there at one stage or another. Though when I hear students (and graduates) complaining about the “competitive” nature of sector and the lack of available job opportunities, I do find myself getting a little frustrated at times. Particularly when some of those complaining do so only after sailing through their respective undergraduate degrees in a giddy haze of booze, inactivity, and poor decisions. Below are a few things I often say to such people – intended with all due respect, of course.

It’s not all about Pandas.

From my experience as an undergraduate, the majority of people enroll on conservation courses because they desire to work overseas: because they wish to give their all in the pursuit of Pandas, Tigers, Elephants and other grandiose species seen regularly on TV. This is all well and good, but you cannot expect such opportunities to fall into your lap. To get there you are going to have to work with bats, birds, fungi, lichen, snails and even moss – you are going to have to get your hands dirty with species seemingly less desirable than those that feature in your ecological wet dreams. Realistically, given the sheer volume of people currently working on the larger, charismatic animals, you are going to have to start small and show your dedication elsewhere. Sulking or, worse still, quitting when things do not immediately go your way is a sure fire way not to achieve your dreams. It pays to be realistic.

Anyways, sometimes it is possible to do the greatest good by thinking “outside of the box”. Many and more species need our help, from bees and worms to no end of embattled red-list plants. These creatures are equally worthy of our attention and by considering them you broaden your horizons and ascertain a niche. Individualism is often a bonus when trying to get noticed amid a crowd.

Stop volunteering “with” animals.

Now this one really annoys me at times. Just because you have volunteered alongside animals does not necessarily stand you in good stead for a job in conservation. Voluntary placements abroad are all well and good, but given the dubious ethics and questionable value of some opportunities – whether you’re working within a sanctuary for Sloth Bears or petting Elephants in Thailand – such things may not actually benefit you in the slightest. Work with animals does not necessarily provide you with the skills you need for a life in the workplace, and many employers see such experience as irrelevant, at best. Particularly if you are applying for a job in Britain, as many of us have to at one point or another.

One must be very careful when choosing where to devote their time abroad, especially as some such placements comprise little other than money-making ventures for the parties involved, and while you may be left feeling rather giddy after bottle feeding an elephant or two, the developmental benefits of such are sparse. If you want to gain applicable experience, get your hands dirty on your local nature reserve or shadow an ecologist while surveying for Newts. These things may not seem as glamorous, but they are undoubtedly more beneficial to your career prospects. This subject has, however, been covered in much more detail by the wonderful James Borrell here and, as such, I will curtail my waffling on the subject.

Lectures are not enough.

For the love of god, please do not think that simply attending lectures and the odd seminar – however diligently – is enough to make your dreams come true. It’s not. By large, most of the unemployed or struggling conservationists I know are those who relied solely on such things as their go-to source of education, when in reality, they merely provide the inspiration for further exploration. Students, at least at undergraduate level, often have a lot of free time, and it really is worth filling it with relevant activities where possible. Volunteer – whether for one day a week or the entire summer holidays – join societies, give talks, lead trips, tag along on field trips or simply go outside and observe nature. Every little thing you do at this stage builds skills, showcases passion and sets you apart from the thousands of others in exactly the same position.

Show an interest.

Okay, this one links in with the last point but, in my opinion, deserves a spot of its own. And the number of aspiring conservationists I have encountered who harbour dreams of working with Rhinos yet cannot identify a Roe Deer or Vole, is wholly frustrating. Though I find it hard to comprehend, there are would-be conservationists who have never once visited a nature reserve absent forceful persuasion, nor attempted to engross themselves in local wildlife. It baffles me.

One of the most common words showcased on environmental job applications is “passionate”, though how are employers to know you are passionate about the natural world when you do little to show it? Using terms like this can come across as vacuous when you have little experience to back it up, and despite the many ways in which one can highlight their dedication, some choose not to. Thus leaving others, whether they be potential employers or supervisors, guessing as to their commitment.

Whether you choose to fundraise, commit to voluntary work, maintain a blog, contribute to your institution’s newspaper, give time to citizen science or merely maintain a relevant social media account, please be sure to do something. Those who eat, sleep and breath the natural world in their spare time tend to do much better. Just look at the great young conservationists in A Focus On Nature for inspiration.

Network like your life depends on it.

Like most career paths, in conservation, knowing the right people, or at least having them know you, can be incredibly beneficial. And while maintaining a public profile may not be to everyone’s taste, the benefits of such can be enormous. From invitations to conferences and excursions where you may, by chance, be presented with the chance to engage with and impress experts in your chosen field, to national or regional meetings of clubs and societies. All have their benefits, as do groups specially designed for young people. Social media can be as powerful a tool as any when it comes to making an impression, and whether you use Twitter, Facebook or LinkedIN, all can come in handy when it comes to getting noticed. Get yourself out there, loud and proud.

On a similar note, do not be afraid to send direct messages on social media, email or, god forbid, write to those you admire, or people whose work you found to be of particular interest. Ask questions, request further information, praise studies, even criticise – providing you do so in a polite manner. All of this shows passion and, as I stated above, passion is often the deciding factor when it comes to progression.

 

Our Ampthibians Are In Trouble

Tales of localised and even global extinctions are, unfortunately, rather common in the amphibian world. Particularly in current times as humans continue to ignorantly erode biodiversity on a global scale. From the endearing Rabbs’ Tree Frog, recently declared extinct after the last known individual died in captivity, to the similarly alluring Golden Toad. Amphibians are in trouble the world over: due to habitat loss, development, invasive species and the spread of deadly Chytrid fungus. You would be forgiven for thinking, that given the somewhat exotic nature of species lost already, that this was, in fact, a tropical problem, though you would be wrong. And Britain’s amphibians too find themselves in hot water.

Perhaps the most topical example of our ailing amphibian populations is the Common Toad, a beloved fixture of the British countryside which has now declined by 70% nationwide. In the last 30 years alone. The cause of this thought to stem predominately from habitat loss – the breeding ponds on which the toads depend drained to make way for the advance of agriculture and human habitation, with their foraging habitat similarly besieged. Traffic too has played a part, with many and more toads squashed on roads as they make their annual pilgrimage to and from the few remaining ponds, and pesticides and agricultural run-off poisoning many of those who do make it. It is all very bleak, with such things, sadly, not limited to Common Toads alone. The similar yet much scarcer Natterjack Toad, a resident of sand dunes and other coastal ecosystems, likewise threatened by the loss of said ecosystems. The species now clinging on in only handful of sites around the British coastline – subject to rigorous conservation measures to stop it sliding further towards the brink.

Even our most abundant amphibian species, the Common Frog is in trouble. Declining by up to 80% in some locations due to the spread of ranavirus, and thought to be declining, albeit to a lesser extent than our toads, nationwide. The loss traditional ponds, both in gardens – where they are often replaced by decking and overly manicured lawns – and further afield. A woeful trend also apparent in our newts with the iconic Great Crested Newt, despite being rigorously protected, still subject to substantial threats. From the destruction of habitats for development, from the introduction of exotic fish species for angling purposes, from the natural succession of ponds to grassland and, of course, habitat fragmentation. The select few sites lucky enough to still hold functional newt populations often separated from one another by miles and a great deal of often impassable roads. Indeed, with the smaller Palmate Newt also suffering declines across its range, only two native species appear to be somewhat stable at present – the Smooth Newt and the Pool Frog. The latter given a helping hand through deliberate reintroductions.

Like them or loathe them – bonkers but some do – our amphibians play an important role in many ecosystems, comprising a vital link in many food chains and acting as an indicator of ecosystem health. Their decline, and in some cases, predicted loss, does not bode well for our countryside. Though, mercifully, said populations have not declined to such an extent to fall beyond hope, and there are a number of things everyday people can do to help combat the trend. The obvious option being to build a garden pond – for frogs, toads and smooth newts – the size and extent of which is of little consequence, with all such water bodies providing a valuable oasis for our embattled amphibians. Allowing your garden (or at least a portion of it) to grow wild also helps, providing habitat for the various species on which amphibians depend for food, while a humble log-pile can also provide a valuable resource. Indeed, a quick check of my recently refurbished mound resulted in the discovery of all three common garden species – it really does work. Withholding the use of damaging pesticides, particularly in the vicinity of known amphibian populations, is also vital.

Of course, if you are unable to commit to any of the above, or indeed have already done so and wish to do more, you can help fund the great work of conservationists working to protect our amphibian friends. Froglife are a good place to start. There vital work to protect our frogs, newts and toads entirely dependent on the generosity of the public. So please, whether you choose to actively fund conservation measures or install your own, be sure to do something. Many of the species listed above are suffering, largely due to our own actions, and need all the help they can get. That is if they are to survive to croak and delight for another day.

Common Frog in the Garden Pond…

Avian Indicators Of The Shifting Season

Sadly, I have not been able to get outside half as much as I would have liked to over the past week. Largely due to Masters commitments (it is proving slightly more difficult than expected) and other, more menial tasks. I have, however, managed a few brief ventures into the great outdoors and what I have seen has delighted – comprising a smorgasbord of seasonal delights. With the vestiges of Summer now banished entirely and Autumn advancing towards Winter full throttle. It has all been rather lovely in truth, though it is the birds which given the greatest cause for celebration.

The most obvious sign of the shifting season has been the resurgence of waterfowl around my local patch. Wigeon, Gadwall and Teal – absent from the estuary during the warmer months now beginning to return in small numbers. With them, a handful of delightfully iridescent Goldeneye – all drakes so far – and a noticeable increase in the number of Mallard. Indeed, I sometimes forget that, like other ducks, Mallard move in winter. Geese too have been a firm fixture of the past week and barely a day goes by now absent sight of racuous skein of Pink-Feet passing high overhead. Though there have been Barnacle Geese too, fresh from Svalbard perhaps, and a handful of Brent Geese heading South with some haste. I am still awaiting my first Whooper Swans of the Autumn however…

Change is certainly afoot elsewhere in the avian world too and it has been almost a fortnight since I noted my last Summer migrant. The Chiffchaffs and Blackcaps that combed the hedgerows and thickets a short time ago now replaced by a ceaseless torrent of Goldcrests and, of course, Winter thrushes. With Redwing in particular, proving numerous over the past few days: tossing back the plentiful Hawthorn berries that, at present, stain the hedgerows a pleasing glossy red. These “seeping“ flocks interspersed, occasionally, with a few Fieldfare and Mistle Thrush. All very nice to see though perhaps the most enjoyable sight this week came from a mixed flock of thrushes, as no less than five species descended on a local growth of Spindle. Polishing off the petite pink berries with glee, rendering the area much less appealing to my prophecised Waxwings. A species which is missed here only last week. Though who knows, given the sheer number of the crested beauties spilling into the country at present I would be very suprised not to see one soon.

What else? Well, as ever, finches have proven a good indicator of the season. The Brambling that first descended in early October dispersing, except for a few individuals, only to be replaced by a great deal of Siskin and Redpoll. In the wood, in my garden and even on the beach – noted as passed overhead on route to their favoured wintering grounds. Flocks of Linnet and Goldfinch are swelling too, feasting on Thistles in dunes and wasteland areas, and Greenfinch have become much more conspicuous, much to my delight. Their chlorophyllic hue a welcome sight given the woeful state of the British population at present.

Finches, thushes, dabblers and geese, however, have not provided the only indicators as to the advancing calander. And this week has seen my first Red-Breasted Mergansers back on the River, as well as the first returning Little and Great Crested Grebes. The local Kingfishers appear to have set sail downstream, as often they do in Autumn, and are now in residence amid the harbour, while the resident Dippers too appear to have moved. Yielding their favoured spot upstream in favour of more saline reaches towards the coast. Elsewhere, tit flocks have formed, Jays continue their hourly acorn-fueled flights across my town and my first Little Gull of the season was observed from my favoured seat in the dunes – dainty wingbeats and sooty underwings leaving it plain to see among the countless bodies of its much more numerous kin.

Summer has gone, Autumn is here and, if the birds are anything to go by, Winter will soon be upon us. I look forward to the sight of Little Auks bobbing in the surf, Long-Tailed Ducks, Divers and, of course, Waxwings. Though, for now, I am happy to watch, wait and engross myself in the finery of the season.

Waxwing from earlier in the year 

The Grouse debate: some follow-up thoughts

Alas, I have been uncharacteristically quiet on the issue of driven grouse shooting of late, though this does not mean I have not been keeping track of the proceedings. I watched the evidence session, the parliamentary debate, and have busied myself today reading through various outpourings associated with the government’s decision not to ban the practice. It’s all rather interesting: providing at times to be educational, frustrating and a little infuriating.

Anyone that knows me will know that I am rather ambivalent when it comes to DGS. I, like many others in my profession, abhor some of the negative side effects of moorland management  – the killing of protected raptors especially so. I fundamentally disagree with the mentality of some shooters and look much more favourably on traditional walk-up shoots. I do, however, and having worked on a number of driven shoots, see promise in certain sites. Having lived among gamekeepers I see the importance of grouse shooting to rural communities and firmly agree that moorland management conducted by such people can and will bring conservation benefits. For embattled Black Grouse, for wading birds, for mountain hares – when they are not exterminated – and yes, for raptors. I also do not particularly dislike shooting and am not overly opposed to the legal control of predators – if only because of the ensuing conservation benefits. All of this, conflicting views and all, has left me bouncing around in a flurry of indecisiveness, agreeing and disagreeing with arguments made by both pro and anti-shooting groups. Something I have come to believe is not necessarily a bad thing. We all, after all, have to base our views on our own beliefs, not those we are fed by others.

As for the debate, I think it is safe to say that even those at the helm of the campaign to oust DGS had predicted the result before the first words were even spoken. Many of us had accepted that a ban would not come to fruition, and I, personally, did not expect nor really hope for one. I signed the petition and wrote to my MP, yes. Because a debate on the subject, in which all were heard, and a collation of the available evidence from both sides was desperately required. But also in the hope that, as is often the case with such things, the axe would fall somewhere in the middle, leading to compromise and cooperation from both sides. This did not happen either, though unlike others I am not blogging about the proceedings overwhelmed with grief.

In my opinion, one of the most promising things about the whole ordeal was the fact a debate took place altogether. Though I disagree with some of his views, what Mark Avery has done in bringing an incredibly contentious issue into the mainstream is wholly commendable. And, values aside, given how he has acted in the face of often odious personal abuse – with integrity and fortitude – he deserves an applause. He has utilised people power perfectly to challenge the status quo in the countryside and, in doing so, has increased public awareness and opened the eyes of many. All of which is rather great, and I am sure he will continue to do so long into the future.

The debate itself followed a somewhat predictable course, I had expected many tory MP’s to turn out in defence of shooting and they did. Though unlike other environmental bloggers, I find myself unable to criticise all for doing so as some made perfectly valid points. Many of which echoing my own worries relating to a ban. Namely, what would become of the land afterwards should a ban take place – with lifeless Sitka Spruce plantations and even worse, damaging upland grazing, not what I would call an improvement. And abandonment, not overly great for upland wildlife either. Secondly, said MP’s also highlighted the positive implications of moorland management, for a number of species. Positives supported by science and not easily bypassed unless, of course, Hen Harriers are the only species on which you place any value. A stance which may be fine for some, but does not sit well with me. On the reverse,  I did, however, also feel that those arguing in favour of a ban shone, with both Kerry McCarthy and Rachael Maskell making some very valid points and the wonderful Caroline Lucus making a few decent interventions in the face of what was, undeniably, a majoritively pro-shooting assemblage. The select few echoing calls for change raising important questions much in line with my worries associated with DGS – yes, I worry about the prospects of a ban, yet, like many, am concerned with the status quo. It’s all rather challenging.

While I agreed or at least sympathised with a lot of the worries expressed from both sides, I cannot bring myself to look upon all those who attended the debate in a positive light however. Many, predominantly tory politicians, acted deplorably. There was an awful lot of rambling, scaremongering and, at times, utter nonsense spewed from amongst their ranks, and for every valid concern there appeared to be a thinly veiled and rather immature attack on either Mark Avery, Chris Packham or the RSPB. All of whom are entitled to their opinions. There were also a few who appeared to show contempt for the debate itself and the individual concerns of their own constituents who brought the issue to Westminister. Particularly from one “honourable gentleman” who appeared to buy into the CA line that many of those who signed the petition “likely know nothing of grouse shooting”. This may be true, though for whatever reason they chose to sign it – class warfare, animal rights, the list goes on – these people are equally entitled to their views. I believe that by dismissing the genuine concerns of the public and thus making a mockery of the political process, certain individuals made themselves appear utterly unfit to hold office. There was also, of course, the issue of vested interests noted by many other bloggers, but when it comes to MP’s such as Richard Benyon and Nicholas Soames were we really expecting anything different? Really, they have made their views quite clear in the past and I would be a hypocrite to criticise them for defending their own interests. We all do the same in our own daily lives.

So, where do we go from here? Well, those dedicated to the abolition of grouse shooting will likely soldier on. Hopefully deploying civilised, non-intrusive means as opposed to those advocated by certain animal rights groups I have noted voicing their displeasure over recent days. Direction intervention is both illegal and counterproductive and has no place in modern society. Others, on the reverse, will hopefully look to make changes, particularly with regards to raptor persecution. Indeed, if the views expressed by Amanda Anderson and Liam Stokes are anything to go by, the shooting industry is changing for the better. Which, unashamedly, I believe it is, albeit slowly. My experiences of eagles and other raptors accepted on sites such as Invermark, leaving me unable to disregard this.  I do hope, however, hope things change faster and feel that just maybe, Mark Avery’s work and the casting of the spotlight firmly on the workings of sportsmen may speed up the process. There will, of course, be some shooters feeling rather contented by this “victory” though that would be folly. If the campaign to ban DGS has done anything, it has cast the eyes of many onto our uplands and, hopefully, made flaunting the law even more difficult.

I have written, many times in fact, of the need for cooperation between both sides. Criticising both, on occasion, and often resulting in angry messages from both gamekeepers and conservationists – I expect more after this post. Still, I believe that cooperation is key to solving many of the problems discussed during the debate, though by my own admission, such compromise seems almost impossible at present. The polarised views of those at the extreme ends of the spectrum, whether we are talking Chris Packham or Robin Page, creating a rift that will likely take many years to repair. It is, however, up to those occupying the middle ground to attempt to mend this.

I hate to repeat myself, but in the absence of complete political overhaul, or an act of divine intervention I see little choice other than to reach a conclusion that benefits both people and wildlife. And if there was one good thing to come from the driven grouse debate, I hope it would be the realisation that we need to work together. I am not optimistic, but having spoken, quite recently, to a number of gamekeepers with a firm interest in conservation, and separately to a number of conservationists boasting an acceptance of country sports, it is clear that the foundations are there. We should never forsake our values, nor accept illegalities in our countryside, but we should at least consider the possibility that for some species, a united front may be the best option. Or, the only option.

Red Grouse – Invermark Estate, Angus.

Autumnwatch: why I never miss a beat

The three watches’ have become somewhat of a national institution over the years, loved by many for bringing the best of Britain’s wildlife into our homes, whatever the season. Something which they do, reliably, through an enthralling mix of both education and entertainment – seldom falling short in terms of breathtaking imagery, intriguing facts and loveable gags courtesy of the show’s presenters. They stand as a show for everyone, regardless of viewers prior knowledge and I, for one, adore them. And have rarely missed an episode since first tuning in as a lad – even finding a way to watch in monochrome while working in the depths of the Scottish highlands.

As with any TV show, however, for every thousand positive comments I see on social media, there are also negative ones. Usually centered on the show’s depiction of the countryside and its unwillingness to tackle controversial issues. Both opinions I disagree with, though points that have caused me contemplate just why I tune into the shows with such dedication. Thoughts which have given rise to a number of explanations, some of which I thought I would set out here.

Education value. Sure, the show does not bamboozle viewers with a torrent of incomprehensible scientific facts and data –  that would surely alienate a large portion of viewers who, like myself, do not boast roots in the scientific world. It does, however, manage to educate regardless. Making science palatable, when it is tackled – usually by Chris and his graphs – but also through other equally important means. The show helps with the identification of British wildlife, it provides an insight into their daily lives seldom seen by the general public and highlights the very real threats faced by said species. Whether it is discussing the plight of our Hen Harriers – as seen last night – or stressing the negative implications of Edible Dormice. All of which come in addition to a wealth of interesting facts, regarding everything from the migratory habits of our favourite bird species to the number of compounds in a droplet of mouse wee (Fascinating surely?). Having watched these programs since childhood I can say, without a doubt, that I have learned an awful lot from them. And I am sure many others have too.

Inspiration. I am unashamed to admit that last night, following the segment showing Martin eavesdropping on migrant birds, I set out and attempted to do the same – I failed, though I did hear a Tawny Owl on route home. Hooray! Whatever your thoughts on the shows, the watches’ are, without a doubt, highly inspirational. Encouraging viewers to get out and about and try new things – whether this involves developing a new means by which to enjoy wildlife, or visiting a new and previously unfamiliar setting – Who fancies a visit to Arne? I certainly hold the show responsible for my current infatuation with camera trapping and, over the years, have been inspired to visit innumerable far-flung reserves showcased by the shows.

More important than this, however, is the shows potential to inspire on a much more fundamental level. By bringing wildlife into our homes, Autumnwatch and its kin have the power to instill action on our behalf. Action that may, on occasion, directly benefit the nature at the heart programme. Whether this involves the promotion of citizen science projects or the great work of conservation charities. But also, through the direct inspiration of the next generation. The watches’, by making nature accessible and increasing our understanding of it, almost certainly contributing to our desire to protect it. Igniting the spark of curiosity in people young and old, and providing the basis from which many may the plunge into a life in conservation, ecology or education. Viewing in the early days of Springwatch certainly helped set me on my current course of action.

Awareness. Now this one links in with both of the former points but, ultimately, deserves a spot of its own. While the BBC and thus, the watches’ must remain impartial, they do have a knack for drawing our attention to important issues. Providing the basis for future reading and research and thus, the formation of opinions associated with topical issues. Take the segment on harriers shown last night – the show mentioned, absent bias, that the species is suffering greatly from human persecution. While not pointing fingers, this will undoubtedly encourage others captivated by the footage of the birds, to look further into the issue. People who, once satisfied, may then choose to act on behalf of said species. Education and inspiration often lead to environmental awareness, and this in turn, in many cases, may lead to action. Action which is sorely needed in our current, rather turbulent times.

Entertainment. Above all else, the watches’ are some of the most entertaining shows on TV, and I, for one, know that I would rather spent my week nights watching the dramatic hunting display of a Peregrine, than someone baking a cake. Autumnwatch provides all the elements essential in must-see TV – drama, intrigue, feel good moments and, occasionally, surprises. All of which is not merely conjured up for our amusement, but comes from a natural source. The natural world. You cannot get more entertaining than that, and the enthusiasm of the shows presenters goes a long way to amplifying the experience. Furthermore, who does not appreciate a good game of innuendo bingo? There have been some crackers already this season.

In keeping with the Autumnal theme of this post – Waxwing!

Perceptions of Wildlife: the Urban Humanist

Following on from a recent blog post where I looked at my own perception of wildlife and the management of opinion-splitting species, I decided to start a new series of guest blogs. Posts which, I hope, will begin to look at the differences in stakeholder attitudes towards wildlife.  With the aim of comparing outlooks between different groups with a stake in our countryside and incorporating the views individuals from a whole host of backgrounds. As such, I have asked a number of people to give a brief summary with regards to “what wildlife means to them” and offer some thoughts on the management of five often polarising species.  Though in this case only four were tackled.

First up we have the lovely Tayla May who freely identifies as somewhat of a humanist with regards to wildlife, and dwells in an urban setting. For more from Tayla, you can check out her personal blog here.

It is only when you are asked to sit down and really think do you begin to unpick what something really means to you. What is wildlife to me? How do I perceive it and its importance in my life?

It turns out it has a whole lot more value to me than even I had anticipated. I have always had a deep appreciation for nature and the wildlife that our world encompasses, a fondness that has grown and grown. For me it’s not just about the mammals, is the complexity of the plant life, the rich soil full of activity, the beautiful birds stretching across the canopy and every single little thing within that. For this I completely see myself as having a purely humanistic perception towards wildlife, but I have educated myself in the importance and necessity of conservational ways of thinking and management. I am currently an inner city dweller, having lived in the countryside most of my life, I am attempting to adapt to the seemingly lack of urban wildlife, I mean I know it’s there, but I’m trying to learn to spot it!

I know for well that the landscapes, ecology and species ratios we have here in the UK are purely the result of careful management, and although the persecution of species or numbers of, doesn’t quite agree with my moral ideologies as a humanist, I see it is currently the only way in which to manage the habitats and ecosystems we know. (Unless of course we were brave enough to step back from our dominionist approach and to just see what would happen).

Now, the management of Deer within the UK is honestly not one I have put much thought to, I grew up in the area of the beautiful Wyre Forest (Worcestershire) Deer were not uncommon in this location, but always a somewhat enchanting sight to see. Perhaps this is because even for us, the chance to see a Deer in the wild is still a very thrilling and rare occurrence. But I understand that the close management of Deer herds is important, not only for the health of the habitat they are in, but for the animals themselves. The idea of management is to be sustainable, and in this case, I believe our work to control them are beneficial in the long run.

The prevalence of the Brown Rat within the UK is another troubling invasive species, coming from a few years’ background in the catering industry, I know just what is at stake for us. But there is much more in the balance, once again the Brown Rat has made it near impossible for other species, such as the Black Rat to live in harmony. The management of these species I can agree with a lot more (perhaps hypocritical I know) Brown Rats, and others, of course, are carriers for bacteria that are significantly detrimental to our health, and thus should be dealt with to ensure the spread of harmful disease is kept at a minimum. (Well, that’s my opinion anyway!)

The protection of badgers and theirs sets under UK law is, in my opinion, one of best advances in wildlife management for some time. When the Badger often has no natural predators (other than competition between sets) and yet numbers are dwindling, we must be able to hold our own hands up and accept responsibility for the damage we have caused. And in the creation of laws to protect this UK mammal is evidence that we can step up to a problem and try to fix it. I feel that the Badgers are a prime example of the consequences of over ‘pruning’ of troublesome species, will the Deer and the Grey Squirrel meet the same fate?

The Grey Squirrel has met some harsh criticism recently, and with good reason, it is a species invasive to the UK, stripping habitats and out-competing out beautiful native Red Squirrel. But this is out of consequence for the introduction of this species to the UK as a ‘fashionable addition to estates’ I feel this just goes to show how the meddling of vulnerable eco-systems is just riddled with doubt. I feel that this guilt should lie on our shoulders. Lines must be drawn somewhere though I suppose. And I said in a blog post I recently posted on the Grey Squirrel, ‘I’m not sure where I stand on the slaughter of wildlife for the sake of conservation’.

The management of the Pheasant within British Woodland, or perhaps the intentions of, seem somewhat vapid, we now understand the importance of the conservation of this species, considering the ideal habitat to ensure their survival. And all this work is researched, and implemented, mostly to keep the age-old tradition of shooting them alive. Seems a bit ironic, right? (Or maybe that’s me and my wildly humanistic beliefs surfacing again!) Now I am not one for hunting for sport, especially for one of a beautiful, often overlooked UK bird.

Of course, these are just my views, but like I said, I’m still not sure the way to ensure conservation involves the mass butchering of specific species, or ya’know any species.

Photography: My Favourite “Lucky Captures”

Wildlife photography is, unfortunately, not one of my strengths – it never has been, and due to my reluctance to purchase anything more substantial than my current camera, likely never will be. Photography, for me, is more about capturing a moment – to aid with writing and reminiscing at a later date – as opposed to a professional endeavour. Indeed, the vast majority of the pictures I take are barely discernable, nevermind fit for publication. Though, having finally relocated my hard drive and set about scrutinising some photos from years gone by, I have come to the conclusion that some are actually rather nice. And, thought I would put together a quick post highlighting some of my favourite lucky captures…

Red Deer – Invermark, Angus (2015)

Red Grouse – Invermark, Angus (2015)

Grey Seal – Farne Islands (2014)

Adder – Invermark, Angus (2015)

Field Vole – I Forget Where (2015)

Whooper Swan – Martin Mere (2014)

Pintail – Martin Mere (2014)

Garden Tiger – St. Abbs (2014)

Puffin – Farne Islands (2013)

Exploring My Personal Perception Of Wildlife

It should come as little surprise that the majority of issues initially billed as human/wildlife conflicts actually centre more on conflict between stakeholder groups. Between humans and other humans, as opposed to man and beast.

Wildlife, as a rule, is not overly confrontational, whereas people are. Thus many of the “big issues” in the realms of ecology, conservation and animal welfare – whether that be driven grouse shooting, pest control, fox hunting or canned hunting – actually boil down to our own conflicting views over how we should engage with the natural world. And, ultimately, how we as individuals perceive wildlife. Something which has proven a major focal point during the first few weeks of my Masters degree, and has caused me to contemplate, in depth, just how I, personally, view the creatures with whom we share our countryside. If only to decide, in the future, my stance on topical issues.

One thing has become quite clear during my background reading (and ample discussion) on the subject, is that there is no clear answer. And no right or wrong way of viewing the natural world. Sure, I find some outlooks distasteful, but taking a minute to assess my own views has resulted in the conclusion that our perceptions vary incredibly. Even among those sympathetic to nature. And that hypocrisy is often part of the norm, based on a whole suit of factors: from charismatic appeal of certain species to our own financial and emotional investment. While disagreement is inevitable, and polarised views common, I have come to believe that understanding alternate viewpoints is key. Especially when so many conflict situations can, at best, only result in compromise, and rarely produce an outcome deemed satisfactory to all involved.

Though I have also realised that it is almost impossible to place yourself entirely in one category, however hard you try.

But what are the broad outlooks that must be considered and understood?

  • Humanistic – Those who view animals as sentient beings, believe fully in animal rights and believe man and beast to be unequivocally equal. Oppose the exploitation, control or killing of wildlife on moral grounds. Emotionally invested in wildlife.
  • Conservational – Those who view wildlife as part of the wider ecosystem to be protected and safeguarded for future generations. Motivated by biodiversity and a belief that we are obliged to protect the natural world.
  • Utilitarian – Those who view wildlife as a resource, to be exploited for personal or monetary gain. Viewing certain species as a threat to be removed and others as a direct source of income or sustenance. Interested in the practical value of the land.
  • Dominionistic – Similar to the above but believing that, as the dominant species on earth, humans have a right to alter the land as we see fit. Exploiting the natural world as a resource, to be developed, consumed or likewise. Interested predominately in controlling nature.
  • Aesthetic – Predominantly interested in the aesthetic beauty and appeal of wildlife and the countryside, for recreation and personal enjoyment.
  • Negativistic – Those who possess a fear or aversion to wildlife and/or view species as an inconvenience to daily life.

An interesting graph from a university slide giving a broad outlook on how different groups invested in the countryside view nature. Though for many, myself included, the lines become blurred from time to time…

How do I personally perceive wildlife?

As a conservationist, I, of course, possess a predominantly protectionist outlook, and desire to maintain the countryside in a “natural” state – though I use this term loosely as, for the large part, all hope of this has been lost. This mindset, of course, often puts me at odds with a number of other groups: namely those who exploit wildlife too harshly, or take an over dominionist approach to species, to such an extent that it seems detrimental to their conservation status. It does, however (funnily enough) also set me on a collision course with those boasting a humanistic outlook – though animal rights and conservation are often unfairly lumped together from time to time. Conservation often involves the abandonment of sentiment – whether you’re killing foxes to prevent the predation of rare birds or enacting lethal control measures to stem the time of invasive species. It is not nice, but it is often necessary.

I am, however, not prone to bouts of sentiment, and thus find myself adopting a humanistic approach from time to time. Something which, at times, leaves me looking rather hypocritical – my stance varying depending on the appeal of the species in question (many will not admit to this, but I suspect the same goes for others). Prime examples being my all out hatred for whaling and the killing of protected hen harriers but my willingness to control grey squirrels, and at times, my openness to removing pest species from the home. Whether they be rats or ants. The latter leading me to believe that dominionist tendencies do exist somewhere in there. And also posing questions with regards to whether or not I take a negative approach to certain species, which I almost certainly do. I am not above using the term pest with regards to rats gnawing through my household cables and am unashamed to admit I am actively scared of wasps. Is a rat costing me money through household damage any different to a fox costing a farmer money through the killing lambs? Not really when you think about it.

Examining things, I have also come to the conclusion that at least part of me is also a wildlife utilitarian. I eat meat – the prime example of supporting practices seek to exploit the land, and also consume game. Something which leaves me unable to broadly label all those involved in its production as “the enemy”. I also engage in wildlife tourism which, despite its obvious links to conservation, could also be seen as utilitarian. The money from which may go to good causes but more often than not, I suspect, also ends up lining the pockets of one individual or group.

I am also invested in the ascetic beauty of the land – who isn’t? Though my perception of beauty ofter varies with that of others. My ideal vision for a “wild” Lake District, for example, vastly different to those who view its current visage fondly. Which, again, links in with the conservational approach to things and leaves me at odds with those who utilise the land for their own financial gain.

Conclusion?

I, like so many others, am a big fat hypocrite with regards to wildlife and find myself falling into all of the above categories. Albeit to varying degrees. Motivated, on occasion, by each, yet still confrontational to each from time to time. Not that this is a bad thing, and the decisions of each group must be questioned on occasion, though absent sweeping generalisations. Everyone is entitled to view the natural world in the way they see fit, and often the labels we attach prove unfair. A farmer or gamekeeper actively invested in the land may still appreciate it for its beauty, and find themselves motivated, on occasion, by the principals of conservation. Whereas an ecologist, dedicated to the preservation of nature, may also exploit wildlife to a varying degree for food or enjoyment. It is all rather complicated, isn’t it?

Conflict when it comes to wildlife is inevitable, and in some cases healthy, though unless you are the staunchest member of each group – which few are – we must avoid the tendency to stereotype. It is possible to reach common ground with almost any stakeholder when one looks hard enough, and no individual is exempt from hypocrisy.

While we most challenge others perceptions, it is almost always necessary to understand what motivates others before doing so. There are very few clear-cut “bad guys” when it comes to wildlife, and even fewer wholly good ones.

Just a few thoughts – I apologise for the rather rambling post.

Fox Hunting: Why I Believe In The Ban

I have found myself discussing fox hunting quite a bit of late: with my family, friends and even as part of my Masters course – an odd choice of topic seeing that ‘the hunt’ was outlawed quite so time ago. Indeed, only this morning I found myself reading yet another excellent article from the Guardian’s Patrick Barkham, in which he draws attention to back-peddling of Andrea Leadsom who, upon her ascent to the role of Environment Secretary, vowed to work towards a repeal of the hunting act with some haste. Something that, mercifully, has not yet come to fruition – largely due to the large number of Tory MP’s and voters actively opposed to practice. This article, coupled with no end of recent dialogue, causing to contemplate (once again) just why I oppose hunting with hounds. To such an extent that I thought I would broach the topic here for the first time – cue the disgruntled comments.

Ethics. After much deliberation, I have come to the conclusion that the main reason I support the ban stems from the questionable (or not existent) ethics of the hunt. Though anyone who knows me will know I am far from an animal rights activist, and often find myself agreeing with the lethal control of wildlife for myriad reasons: to control invasive species, to protect embattled breeding birds, to safeguard human health and, from time to time, to protect human assets. The latter of which also extends begrudgingly to foxes on occasion, which I accept that, under the right circumstances, can prove problematic for both conservation and human interests. This said I cannot condone the barbaric, unnecessarily brutal way in which foxes meet their end once cornered by a pack of hounds. Or, for that matter, the torment they endure during the chase. The thought of watching a distressed animal eviscerated for human amusement is far from my cup of tea, plain and simple. And I find the entire process, from start to finish, cruel, warped and outdated. Even when conducted under the vague pretence of ‘control’, which takes us nicely to my next point.

The control myth. As I stated above, I accept that from time to time, foxes require control – for a host of reasons. This, however, should be done in the most humane manner possible, through lamping and shooting. A precise gunshot courtesy of a trained professional preferable to what, on occasion, amounts to little more than torture. Though there are, of course, those who criticise the ethics of this method too. Including many among the pro-hunting camp, who highlight the fact that a shooter may miss, and thus inflict injury, not death. Well, to those people I would simply say that if you own a gun, as many who seek fox control do, you should know how to use it. Or at least be prepared to fork out the extra cash to employ someone who does. If, indeed, killing must take place at all. Which in equally as many areas it does not. Anyways, doesn’t the scientific literature show that hunting, as a form of control, has little impact on fox populations? And therefore is not a viable means of suppressing numbers and mitigating the negative impacts of the bushy-tailed ones. See Baker et al (2002) Ecology: Effect of British hunting ban on fox numbers. 

Economics. It is true that a relatively small number of people were employed in fox hunting prior to the ban – many of them still are, in one form or another. Though the number of these – 8000 or so I believe – is relatively small. At least when compared to other fields ports such as driven grouse or pheasant shoots. Fox hunting is, for most, a hobby; not a financial pillar of the rural community. Seeing as most of the people formerly employed by the hunt still hold their positions, the loss of fox hunting has had but a minimal impact on the economy. And its return, should that sorry day ever come, would be similarly insignificant. Though I do not agree, I accept that many people enjoy killing, though to attempt to pass hunting off as financially important is nonsensical, at best.

Hounds. Okay, this one comes down to ethics again – maybe I am turning into an “anti” after all – but as a dog lover, I cannot stand the idea of hounds being destroyed when their speed wavers and they are deemed obsolete. I am sure many huntsmen adore their dogs, most no doubt, but given the findings of the Burns Inquiry – which found that some 3000 hounds a year were euthanised needlessly by hunts – I am inclined to say that quite a few do not. And find this equally as distasteful as the torment endured by the countless foxes killed prior to the ban.

That just about covers it. I oppose the hunt based on ethics, humaneness, practicality and its relatively low monetary value, not out of a dislike for the upper class. In keeping with the line so often peddled by those in favour of the practice. Quite frankly, I could not give a foxes whisker. For me, supporting the ban is not about buying into class warfare, nor is it because I possess any great species-specific adoration for foxes – I like them just as much as the next naturalist, and have enjoyed many great encounters with them but still – it is because I abhor cruelty. It is because I believe wildlife management, when deemed necessary, should be conducted with consideration, and because I see no need to deploy such thuggish tactics in the present day.

I sincerely hope fox hunting remains what it is at present: a regrettable relic of the past. Whether this is the case or not, only time will tell, though with 83% of the general public (and a great deal of politicians too) opposed to a repeal of the hunting act, I find myself feeling optimistic. Fingers crossed eh/

*Update: tonight I had the pleasure of once again entertaining a young fox in my urban garden – it spent a good quarter of an hour snaffling slugs from the lawn. A pleasure to see and yet another reminder as to why I stand opposed to the needless killing of its country-dwelling kin.*

By Pawel Ryszawa – Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=1629175

Autumn wonders and where to see them

Autumn is a season like no other: one of colour, action and perpetual movement. A season which I cherish above all others, which marks the start of a number of subliminal wild spectacles, as many species begin preparations for the winter to come, arrive, depart and burst to life. It is a season of soaring highs, that everyone should make the most of, and one which I always relish discussing. As such, and with my own excitement levels soaring, I thought I would list a few of my favourite Autumn treats. For those interested, and with a little information on where to enjoy them, for those, like myself, intending to make full use of the seasonal bounty.

Migrants Falls

Autumn is, without a doubt, the pinnacle of the birdwatching calendar. A time when, given the right mix of weather conditions, many and more migrant birds arrive on our shores – sometimes in mindboggling numbers. Events which to those of an avian persuasion are known as “falls” and, to me, stand as the unrivalled highlight of the changing season.

Backed by Easterly winds, falls usually consist predominately of winter migrants – those species which flock to our shores annually, seeking respite from the less hospitable conditions to the North. Autumn is a great time of year to catch up with charming flocks of Redwing and ‘cackling‘ assemblages of Fieldfare, often arriving with raucous hoards of Song Thrush, Blackbird and Mistle Thrush for good measure. With Brambling – a scarcer, arguably more appealing cousin of the Chaffinch – as well as Goldcrest and Robin also arriving on mass at present, before dispersing into the wider countryside.

Such events, particularly in October, are not, however, restricted solely to Winter visitors. And species more often thought of as Summer residents often arrive in tandem, when the winds turn against them and their annual migration is temporarily thwarted. Just the other day I had the pleasure to catch up with Redstart, Pied Flycatcher and Whinchat in my local sand dunes, and in Autumn, one may enjoy the reclusive Ring Ouzel, Wheatears, Whitethroats and much, much more. The season standing as our last opportunity to enjoy said species before the winter exodus truly begins.

An additional bonus of Autumn falls – particularly for Britain’s twitchers, is their tendency to include rare birds. Particularly, those from continental Europe, but also further afield, from Siberia and beyond. Birds blown off course by the turbulent Autumn weather, that fleetingly grace our shores each year. With the spritely Yellow-Browned Warbler – from the Russian Ural Mountains – an increasingly common sight in recent years, and species such as Pallas’s Warbler (shown below), Wryneck and Bluethroat always a possibility. In addition, of course, to the select few truly remarkable birds that drop from the skies to greet birders each Autumn. Recent examples including Britain’s first Siberian Accentor on Shetland, and a remarkable White’s Thrush on Lindisfarne, Northumberland. One never quite knows what you will see during Autumn and it is always worth looking.

As for where to witness falls, there are a number of “prime” locations across Britain, including Shetland, Scilly and the numerous bird observatories which dot our coastal headlands. This said, any stretch of coastline, particularly on the East coast, does, however, have the potential to delight at this time of year. And for those unable to get there, the tendency for birds to turn up in altogether unusual places should never be overlooked.

By Francesco Veronesi from Italy – Pallas’s Leaf-Warbler – great rarity in Italy_S4E1751, CC BY-SA 2.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=45494309

A Gander at Geese

Coinciding with the arrival of our Winter passerines, many other bird species flock to our shores in Autumn. With perhaps the most numerous of these being our geese. Indeed, in Autumn, vocal skeins of arriving geese are a common sight along our coastline as a number of species make landfall for the first time following their maritime crossing. Delightfully monochrome Barnacle Geese, fresh in from Svalbard or mighty flocks of Icelandic Pink-Feet, it matters not. And observing goose flocks in Autumn is both uplifting, and incredibly interesting. The pleasant ‘honking‘ of these gregarious winter migrants epitomising, perfectly, the shifting season.

Depending on your particular poison, there are a number of prime sites where one can enjoy our winter geese. If, like me, you are fond of the diminutive Brent Goose, you could travel to Lindisfarne in Northumberland, or the saltmarshes of Norfolk to enjoy this species in all their  glory. For Barnacle Geese, why not visit the Solway Firth or Islay – the latter also one of the best places to also enjoy our arriving White-Fronted Geese. For Pink-Feet, the Montrose Basin in Angus is perhaps one of the best, though given their recent population surge, this species can now be enjoyed at many locations across the British Isles. If you do not wish to travel, so be it. Geese, on migration, can be seen almost anywhere, either on the wing, or resting up in arable fields or grassy pasture. Go on, have a look. And stay vigilant for oddities nestled among their ranks – the potential for a Bean Goose, or something altogether more unusual growing as the Autumn advances.

The Red Deer Rut

This one needs little introduction, and for those, like me, addicted to shows such as Autumnwatch the haunting roar of Red Deer stags in Autumn will be a familiar sound. A guttural noise which resonates across many areas of upland Britain, travelling for miles and ensnaring all lucky enough to hear it. Standing as a precursor to the annual clash between testosterone fuelled stags vying for the affections of their harems. And often resulting in awe-inspiring bouts of violence. Something I have witnessed, myself, on but a handful of occasions, but to me embodies the very best of our action-packed Autumn.

Rutting Red Deer can, mercifully, be viewed at many locations across Britain. In the mystical glens of the Cairngorms National Park in Scotland (and across much of Scotland for that matter), or in areas such as Martindale in the Lake Distinct. And even in many lowland areas, with Leighton Moss in Lancashire another site accessible to many. Though it should be noted that the rutt is not restricted to Red Deer, and for those far removed from such things, sites that hold populations of non-native Fallow or Sika are also worth a visit. With Richmond Park in London as good a place as any to enjoy this splendid seasonal spectacle.

By Arturo de Frias Marques – Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=34551921

Caching Behaviour

Of all of the Autumn wonders already mentioned in this brief list, this is the one that requires perhaps the least effort to enjoy. The caching behaviour of our woodland wildlife standing testament to the dynamic nature of the Autumn season, and the ensuing hardships it preempts. With many animals already setting about the time-consuming process of storing food fo Winter. Including our Jays – their regular acorn-fuelled flights between stands of woodland a common occurrence at this time of year, when the colourful corvids vie with our squirrels for the fruits of our oak trees. It is, however, squirrels that put on perhaps the best show as they fill their larders for the season to come.

For those living in many areas, it is the invasive Grey Squirrel that is perhaps most frequently seen. In our parks, gardens, woodlands and many other tree-strewn places. And despite their troublesome reputation, it is this species that is most easily enjoyed in Autumn. As the bushy-tailed ones hop too and throw across the woodland floor, cheeks loaded with the fruits of their labours. A sight mirrored in the sparse areas still lucky enough to harbour our embattled reds. A species which I, personally, have enjoyed over the last few days in Northumberland, that can still be observed in Cumbria, on Anglesey and, of course, across much of Scotland. The russet ones looking particularly appealing at this time of year as their thicker winter coat begins to materialise and they set about their annual preparations.

Autumn is, without a doubt, my favourite season. A time of action, excess and allure comparable only with the fresh start provided by Spring. The four spectacles listed above comprising those I seek out, year on year, in the hope of engrossing myself in the finery of the season. There is, however, much more to enjoy at this time of year: from the radiance of our deciduous trees and the deluge of arriving ducks, to the flocking behaviour of our tits and finches. Whatever you do this Autumn, wherever you live or find yourself travelling, it is always worth taking a minute, if only to enjoy the undeniable appeal of the British Autumn. An ephemeral season, rife with delights, that all should treasure before it ends.