Botany on the coast: Alnmouth to Boulmer

A few weeks past, a Saturday free of commitments provided a rare opportunity for a trip North. Opting for a walk on the Northumberland coast, on this occasion we headed for Alnmouth, intending to walk a few miles up the shoreline towards Boulmer, recording as we went.

Arriving at Alnmouth train station, it was interesting to note a profusion of “sweet peas” clambering through the track-side vegatation. Not something I have seen before; though with a little digging I am fairly confident the culprit was Two-flowered Everlasting-Pea. Walking through Alnmouth, we paused breifly to admire Black Horehound by the roadisde, and a number of Pot Marigolds that that escaped the confines of nearby gardens to colonise the pavement.

Arriving at the beach and setting off North through the dunes, it was interesting to encounter Wild Onion, and a glut of Common Restharrow, Common Ragowort and other dune-loving species in full bloom made for pleasant viewing.

The strandline here was dominated by Sea Rocket, and a breif look elsewhere revealed Sea Sandwort, and both Frosted and Spear-leaved Orache. A little further up the beach, a solitary and rather odd looking plant was revealed to be Caper Spurge – a noxious weed in Southern parts of the UK but a new species for me nontheless.

Owing to a wealth of Hemlock Water-dropwort in full bloom nearby, insects were particularly numerous along this stretch. Most of the common and familiar bumblebees were represented and a couple of Vestal Cuckoo Bees were spotted nectaring on the frothy white flowers. A small, solitary bee potted for closer inspection was likely Sandpit Mining Bee but alas, I will await confirmation on iRecord!

Butterflies were well represented too with Small Skipper, Common Blue, Green-veined White, Red Admiral, Ringlet and Meadow Brown all observed nearby, and on the moth front, Matt drew my attention to a Yellow Shell at rest on some nearby bracken.

Back to plants now and as we drew closer to Boulmer a number of new species began to appear. First came Agrimony with its deligtful yellow flower spikes and next, the delicate pink flowers of Field Bindweed.

A slightly more unusual sighting came in the form of twenty or so Tomato plants growing merrily along the strandline, some in flower and others starting to fruit. We contemplated these arriving as a result of a discarded picnic but the number and spread of the plants would suggest they arrived as a result of sewage washing up on the beach. No doubt having passed through a human first!

Arriving at Boulmer, the dune flora changed somewhat with lots of Bloody Crane’s-bill and Red Bartsia observed. Near the village, two more garden escapes were noticed in the form of Horse-raddish and Onion, the latter complete a towering, purple bloom. More interesting was an expansive (and rather beautiful) patch of Musk-mallow.

After a prolonged search, we finally stumbled across what I confess had been the target of the day’s outing. A hulking speciment of Henbane, almost completely in seed. Thankfully, a single flower was still present and I can now at least say I have seen this impressive wildflower in bloom in Northumberland.

Boulmer is a known site for this locally rare species but even then, an encounter is far from guaranteed with Henbane seeds able to lie dormant for many years until disturbance encourages them to germinate.

Further North ,where dunes give way to a concrete seawall, the flora here took an interesting turn with countless garden escapes blending with native plants to create an intriguing mosaic of colour. While it was quite difficult to discern what was self-sown here and what had been planted, a hulking brute of Cotton Thistle certainly appeared ‘wild’. It was also interesting to note a wealth of White Stonecrop strewn across the rocks and Wormwood was plentiful.

Slightly more interesting was a fine example of Monk’s-hood in full flower and Dwarf Mallow, as ever, was nice to see. Little of note was found in the grassland where the village gives way to fields besides a good sized patch of Good-king-henry .

A trip into the wildlife garden

Much as it did for great many people, I suspect, lockdown led to an increasing focus on gardening in our household. The focus for us being to transform our little urban yard into something appealing, for both wildlife and ourselves. I wrote about our mini-rewilding efforts a little last year (here) but realising that I hadn’t mentioned the topic since, wanted to provide a progress check.

For us, the major focus of this spring was to incorporate more wildflowers into our space. Sure, dahlias, marigolds and sedums look nice but they offer limited value for wildlife. Whilst we still have all of the above, and a range of more typical garden plants, the ratios have shifted.

The veg patch was first to go, sown in early 2020 with a native meadow mix, it didn’t do much in its first year. The clover did well but little else. This year, however, it has thrived with Oxeye Daisy, Red Campion, Red Clover and Black Medick vying to see who can grow the tallest. If you rummage in the understory, you can find other species in their too – Bladder Campion, Redshank and White Clover – but by large, the other species sown (including my long-awaited Musk Thistles) appear to have been shaded out. No matter – our 6ft seed grown Cotton Thistle has the spiny element covered!

Whilst growing a range of commonplace wildflowers, this year we also wanted to grow a few more unusual species, if only to prove that we could. Henbane was sown as an experiment in Autumn, and is just about to bloom, while both Small Teasel and Moth Mullein are doing well. Chuck in others such as Great Burnet, Salad Burnet and Common Bistort and it seems we’ve succeeded in our initial trial run!

Planning ahead for next year, it looks like we will be taking the cultivation of wildflowers to a new extreme. Already, four species of Mullein have been sown – Twiggy, Dark, Hoary and Moth for those interested. Where we’ll put these huge plants is a little beyond me, but we’ll manage.

Tucked away in the greenhouse there’s also White Horehound, Sea Campion, Field Pansy, Scot’s-lovage, Motherwort and (more) Henbane. I may need to open an online store, especially with the Mountain Pansy and Spotted Hawkweed seeds yet to arrive.

Our challenge next year will be to grow the native Herb Paris seeds purchased recently but I suspect they may turn out to be a tad picky.

But what about the wildlife? This isn’t after all a gardening blog. Well, at our last tally, we have now recorded 155 species in and around the garden since last spring.

Bees have certainly been a stand out highlight and it has been great to welcome back Fork-tailed Flower Bee, Patchwork Leafcutter and Bronze Furrow Bee alongside the more regular solitary bees and bumblebees.

In the last few weeks, we have also recorded two new bees here with Willughby’s Leafcutter Bee and Davies’ Colletes both shown below. Add to these 11 species of hoverfly, sawflies, solitary wasps and four species of butterfly, and the airspace here has been fairly busy.

We didn’t concentrate much on moths in 2020, owing to the installation of a new LED street light overlooking our yard. This year, however, we have persevered and have recorded several new species, albeit in low numbers. The Scalloped Hazel, Lychnis and Figure of Eighty shown below were particular highlights, though the others shown were most welcome. In particular, the Cinnabars, which have occurred in unusually high numbers this year.

It also appears that planting mint and oregano was a good idea and a few weeks back, I was delighted to spot a pair of beautiful Mint Moths, Pyrausta aurata in this case, showing an interest in these. Fingers crossed that they managed to breed – they really are a delight.

lsewhere, there’s bee a lot to see, including egg-laying Green Shieldbugs, sprawling webs of juvenile Garden Spiders and an all too brief Orange Ladybird that sped off quickly when I reached for the camera.
The 14-spot Ladybird adorning our Buddleja was thankfully more obliging.